Is Gerald’s treatment of Eva or Sheila the greater crime?
In J.B. Priestley’s "An Inspector Calls," Gerald Croft’s actions are pivotal in unraveling the play’s complex web of social responsibility and moral culpability. The question of whether Gerald’s treatment of Eva Smith or his fiancée Sheila Birling constitutes a greater crime revolves around the themes of exploitation, betrayal, and the social dynamics of the early 20th century, all which are central to the play.
Gerald’s relationship with Eva Smith, who also goes by the name Daisy Renton, exemplifies exploitation under the guise of benevolence. Initially meeting Eva in the Palace Bar, Gerald takes advantage of her vulnerable situation, presenting himself as a saviour. He provides her with temporary housing and money, which may appear altruistic but ultimately positions him in a position of power, which allows him to manipulate Eva. Gerald’s assistance, while beneficial in the short term, is laden with underlying power dynamics. He uses Eva for his own pleasure, maintaining control over her circumstances and ultimately discarding her when it is convenient for him.
This treatment highlights the patriarchal exploitation rampant during the period. Eva, representing the working-class woman, is subjected to the whims of a wealthy, influential man. Gerald’s actions lead to a temporary upliftment followed by abandonment, leaving Eva in a deeper state of despair. The psychological and emotional toll of being used and discarded amplifies the severity of his crime against her. Eva’s subsequent descent into poverty and eventual suicide underscores the devastating impact of Gerald’s actions.
In contrast, Gerald’s treatment of Sheila Birling, his fiancée, revolves around betrayal and deceit. Gerald’s affair with Eva occurs while he is engaged to Sheila, indicating a profound disrespect for their relationship. By hiding the affair, Gerald not only lies to Sheila but also undermines the foundation of trust essential in any partnership. When the truth is revealed during the inspector’s interrogation, Sheila experiences profound emotional turmoil. The revelation shatters her perception of their relationship and calls into question Gerald’s integrity and fidelity.
However, it is crucial to consider the societal context and the potential for Sheila’s recovery. As a woman of the upper class, Sheila possesses more resources and support systems than Eva. Despite the emotional damage inflicted by Gerald’s infidelity, Sheila has the capacity to rebuild her life, supported by her social and economic status. Her confrontation with Gerald and the ensuing introspection suggest a path to personal growth and empowerment, albeit through considerable emotional suffering.
Both actions are morally egregious, but Gerald’s treatment of Eva Smith arguably constitutes a greater crime due to its direct and irreversible consequences. Eva’s exploitation is a reflection of systemic social inequalities and patriarchal abuse. Gerald’s actions lead to her ultimate demise, an irreversible outcome that highlights the profound impact of his exploitation. Eva’s lack of social mobility and support exacerbates the severity of his crime, emphasizing the broader societal implications.
In contrast, while Gerald’s betrayal of Sheila is deeply hurtful, it does not carry the same life-or-death stakes. Sheila’s social standing affords her opportunities for recovery and resilience. The emotional betrayal, while significant, does not lead to the same irreversible consequences faced by Eva. Sheila’s eventual recognition of the truth allows her to confront and challenge the underlying moral failings, offering a potential for growth and change, one which the dead Eva Smith is not afforded.
